The direct medical treatment that was well known to the Romans was Achillea millefolium (Yarrow-aka the Centurion's Herb, The Soldier's Herb, Knights Millefoil, nosebleed) . The plant was cultivated as a commonplace wound salve , rightly so as it is a very complex chemical organism containing azulenes, thujones and a variety of flavinoids and sesquiterpene lactones- in plain english some very useful antiinflammatory and haemoststic drugs.
Yarrow as a tincture of fluid extract is widely available in the UK (whence it is said it was brought by the first Roman Legions -hence "Centurion's Herb "). I have also suggested elsewhere that its fresh twigs were a possible "roman toothbrush" , given its popularity across North Africa for this very purpose.
Yarrow was used as a healer of "wounds caused by iron weapons" by the Celt-Iberian peoples , ie: in an actual wound as opposed to as a dressing on bruising or as a medicine.