Although he is seen as one of the Five Good Emperor', Hadrian's campaign against the Jews was rather brutal and vindictive - although it was an attempt to bring down a rebelling province. He had Jerusalem plundered and burnt (while also renaming it Aelia Capitolina), while almost a thousand villages cross Judea were burnt to the ground. The Talmud mentions millions of Jews being killed, while the Romans put a more conservative estimate of about 500,000. The Romans also pursued a scorched earth policy that must have killed many more. Sacred scrolls were burnt, rabbis were executed and the Torah was banned - all under Hadrian's attempts to stamp out Jewish practices. He also ordered thousands of Jews to be flogged, tortured and then crucified throught Judea. Thousands of others were enslaved. It was these events that some historians argue led to the Jewish disapora into Europe.