Gout is one of the most painful forms of arthritis. According to arthritis.about.com, "Gout is caused by an excess of uric acid in the body. Uric acid results from the breakdown of purines. Purines are part of all human tissue and found in many foods. The excess can be caused by either an over-production of uric acid by the body or the under-elimination of uric acid by the kidneys. Also, the ingestion of foods high in purines can raise uric acid levels in the blood and precipitate gout attacks in some people."
Again according to the American Medical Association, purine-containing foods include:
-Beer, other alcoholic beverages
-Anchovies, sardines in oil, fish roes, herring
-Yeast
-Organ meat (liver, kidneys, sweetbreads)
-Legumes (dried beans, peas)
-Meat extracts, consomme, gravies
-Mushrooms, spinach, asparagus, cauliflower
Roman soldiers I'm sure would have eaten a lot of this type of food but don't think it proves or disproves anything.