ASCLEPIADES

Salve: AMBROSE BIERCE: HISTORY, n. An account mostly false, of events mostly unimportant, which are brought about by rulers mostly knaves, and soldiers mostly fools. GEORGE WILHELM HEGEL: What experience and history teach is this -- that people and governments never have learned anything from history, or acted on principles NAPOLEON: History is the version of past events that people have decided to agree upon.

Salve, Lady CO! Here they are; the Internet Movie Database files of: Fiona Walker (Agrippina Major) and Barbara Young (Agrippina Minor). Personally, I think both Roman ladies were much better looking than their respective actresses.

Good point. Gratiam habeo, MPC.

I wasn't able to find any. This is the closest I got. This is the famous Zeugma girl (

HOUSTON

Based on that informarion, it appears the priest in the pic is signaling the base of the 4th column, maybe corresponding to the date of Caesar's Gallic Triumph (April 12, 45 BC = predie Ides Aprilis, DCCVII AUC). The problem with this explanation is that such trumph didn't happen until the 10th episode.

... monumentorum antiquorum flammae flagrabant vehementissim

Ephemeris - Nuntii Mercurii die 29 mensis Augusti 2007 IN GRAECIA FIERI INCENDIA INFERNALIA "Inferna sunt ubique" Ex oppido Zacharo refert Gerd H

Salve! I think there was a local system of city states on Latium Vetum beyond and before Etruscan and/or Greek influences, maybe even before Rome itself. At least, there was an Alba Longa.

Obviously you should divide by the number of years in each of the two categories. Also, there were more than 20 years of Civil War just in the last century of the republic. Social War: 91 - 89 (~3 years) Marian Civil War: 88 - 82 (~+7 years) War with Sertorius/Lepidus: 83 - 72 (~+10 years) Catiline: 62 (~+1 year) Caesarian Civil War: 49 - 45 (~+5 years) To this, add all the years of civil war during the principate and dominate. Cassius' thesis wasn't restricted to the republic, but generalized over all Roman history. As Social War and Sertorius War were basically between Rome and non-Romans, it's disputable if you should take those as Civil wars' years. Anyway. I think the bias persists, even if you make a correction for the Principate (there was virtually no conquest during the Dominate, peaceful or not). Even without the Maths, your hypothesis is indisputable. PS: And you are right, the Republican unrest was just (exclusively) during its last Century, making the comparison even more biased. What's really amazing is the magnitude of the Roman Republic's growth during such an unrestful Century.

What made them stop?

Salve! Camulodunum (Colchester)?

Salve! Map of Site Location From Sudak (the green arrow) follow coastline southwest (leftward) to the long peninsula with a sickle-like protrusion. That is Dolphin Mountain. Just northeast of it is another, larger protrusion, which is Mount Eagle. The bay to the left is the beach resort town of Novy Svet, and we are working northeast of the mountain just 50 m offshore. Interactive Dig Black Sea: Shipwreck Research Project

The chariot dates back to the second quarter of 6th century B.C. and depicts scenes from the life of the Greek hero, Achilles Italy has been at the forefront in securing the return of looted antiquities from major museums in Boston, Los Angeles and New York. But the government's decision not to seek a 2,600-year-old Etruscan chariot, one of the star attractions of New York's Metropolitan Museum of Art, has angered the people of a small mountain town in Umbria where it was discovered more than a century ago. The two-wheeled chariot is considered one of the great masterpieces of antiquity. Its three panels show scenes from the life of the Greek hero, Achilles. In 1902, a shepherd in Monteleone di Spoleto dug it up by chance and sold it for scrap metal so that he could buy tiles for his roof. The chariot was then taken to Rome, allegedly hidden in a pharmacy before being sent to Paris. U.S. financier J.P. Morgan then bought and shipped it to New York, according to Titta Mazzetta, an Italian-American lawyer whose family originates from the town where the Etruscan Chariot was found. In February 1904, The New York Times reported on what it called the chariot's "surreptitious exportation to the United States." "We had proof that it had been exported illegally because in 1904 a senator, Bernabei, he made a parliamentary inquiry regarding the illegal exportation of the chariot to the United States," Mazzetta says. But Italian Culture Minister Francesco Rutelli says that the Etruscan chariot is not on the government's most-wanted list because at the time it was discovered, there was a legal vacuum regarding antiquity sales. "The position of the Italian government is that that object, very important, was legally purchased at the beginning of the 20th century. At that time, a legal-binding framework about works of art sales did not exist, so it will remain in New York," Rutelli explains. Mazzetta, however, argues that the statute of limitations and international treaties are not applicable to the chariot because of its uniqueness. "It is connected to the history and culture of this territory, so we want to carve an exception to the law," he says. Monteleone is a quiet medieval village in central Italy surrounded by the gentle, green slopes of the Nerina valley. Despite its beauty, the town is completely off the tourist track, and poverty has forced most of its residents to emigrate, its population dwindling to 600. One elderly resident, Nino Carboniti, says everyone here grew up hearing wonderful tales about the chariot. "During the winters when it was very cold, we would sit practically inside the big fireplace, and my grandmother would tell us about the golden chariot that had been stolen from us. It was all about our identity," Carboniti remembers. He says that for the people of Monteleone di Spoleto, the magnificent golden chariot is a symbol of respect and glory snatched away. But it nevertheless remains a constant presence

Wall mosaics belonging to the Roman era have been discovered during excavations in Batman

Salve! From www.slate.com : Are Ancient Ruins Flammable? What happens when there's a wildfire in Greece. By Michelle Tsai Posted Monday, Aug. 27, 2007, at 6:35 PM ET Firefighters in Greece narrowly saved the ruins of Olympia from the wildfires that spread across the nation* over the weekend. The blaze torched the edges of the stadium, but officials say the archaeological treasure survived. Can ancient ruins catch on fire? No, but they can crumble from the heat. Greek ruins made of limestone or marble aren't going to burst into flames, but they can undergo physical and chemical changes when subjected to the heat of burning vegetation nearby. The outside layers of an ancient building heat up faster than the inside, causing the surface to crack and fall off in dinner plate-sized chunks. At about 1,000 degrees Fahrenheit, the rocks begin to release carbon dioxide. (Trees ignite at about 660 degrees, and wildfires can reach 1,800 degrees.) Since CO2 helps hold limestone and marble together, sustained heat can weaken the material until it's reduced to powder. Olympia sits in the middle of a dense pine forest, which provides plenty of kindling for a fire. (Some ruins have wooden scaffolding to support ancient walls; these can also be set ablaze.) To protect the site from fire during the dry Greek summers, engineers had installed 50-foot metal fire towers in the hills to the north. Earlier buildings from the archaic period

I agree. Apparently, what the Res Publica had after the Big Man's death was some kind of balance, which was going to last for more than a generation, even if not unchallenged. Was all of this planned by Sulla & Co.? Or was it a fortuitous development after his unexpected demise? What do you think?

Salve! The Cassius Longinus' quotation is probably this one: (Cicero, Oratio Philippica Secunda, Ch.XXXIV-XXXV) "quamquam si interfici Caesarem voluisse crimen est, vide, quaeso, Antoni, quid tibi futurum sit, quem et Narbone hoc consilium cum C. Trebonio cepisse notissimum est et ob eius consili societatem, cum interficeretur Caesar, tum te a Trebonio vidimus sevocari. ego autem--vide quam tecum agam non inimice--quod bene cogitasti aliquando, laudo; quod non indicasti, gratias ago; quod non fecisti, ignosco. virum res illa quaerebat. quod si te in iudicium quis adducat usurpetque illud Cassianum, 'cui bono fuerit,' vide, quaeso, ne haereas. " "Although, if it be a crime to have wished that Caesar might be put to death, beware, I pray you, O Antonius, of what must be your own case, as it is notorious that you, when at Narbo, formed a plan of the same sort with Caius Trebonius; and it was on account of your participation in that design that, when Caesar was being killed, we saw you called aside by Trebonius But I (see how far I am from any horrible inclination toward,) praise you for having once in your life had a righteous intention; I return you thanks for not having revealed the matter; and I excuse you for not having accomplished your purpose. That exploit required a man. And if any one should institute a prosecution against you, and employ that test of old Cassius,

Vobis gratulor, Domina Augusta!

Salve! Smoke rises Sunday in ancient Olympia, close to the archaeological site in western Peloponnese, Greece. ATHENS, Greece (AP) -- A small fleet of foreign planes and helicopters is buzzing around Greece to try to battle dozens of wildfires that have killed at least 64 people. In five days of blazes, the destruction is so extensive authorities say they have no way of knowing how many acres have burned and how many people have been injured. Some 56 new fires broke out yesterday and today, tearing through olive groves, forests, orchards and homes. Flames are swarming near the birthplace of the Olympic Games in Ancient Olympia. One fire official says there are signs of optimism in that fight. Greeks were already stunned by deadly forest fires in June and July, and many are blaming the conservative government for failing to respond quickly enough. The government, which declared a state of emergency over the weekend, said arson might have been the cause of the fires, and several people have been arrested. Read more...

Ephemeris Martis die 28 mensis Augusti 2007 in orbe Post immania incendia, quae Peloponnesum, Acticam paeninsulam et Euboeam diu vastaverunt, et LX hominum mortem ob fumum atque aestum, Graecorum moderatores accurate requirunt, utrum forte an scelerata voluntate facinora ista tempore eodem evenerint. - 27/08/2007 22h16