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Here is a well-produced video on the Carthaginian navy: https://weaponsandwarfare.com/2019/01/11/navy-of-carthage/

Nice smooth sound.

The Samnites were one of the competing tribes with the Roman Republic on the Italian Peninsula. Here are some nice reviews: https://www.heritagedaily.com/2022/07/the-ancient-samnites/144229?amp A nice review of the Samnite Wars:

Wow. Is that you? Strong work. Is that a Fender Strat you're playing?

I was lucky enough to see Steve Vai before the pandemic came. He is a true guitar master. Here is one of my favorite songs by him:

This is a rather insignificant find of 27 Roman-era skeletons at an illegal dig in Turkey. The associated findings, however, were interesting. There were three intact spindle whorls were found in the graves. Most interesting was also the finding of lachrymatory bottles. A lachrymatory (from the Latin lacrima meaning tear) is a small vessel found in Roman tombs. These were supposedly the bottles in which mourners dropped their tears. More likely, these vessels contained perfumes, fragrances, or unguents for the corpse. (Suspected lachrymatory vessels from other previous excavations in Turkey.) https://www.dailysabah.com/turkey/illegal-dig-reveals-rare-ancient-mass-grave-in-turkey/news https://www.dailysabah.com/life/2020/02/14/history-of-love-hidden-in-lachrymatory-bottles https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lacrymatory

Interesting picture from Pompeii. It looks like the individual on top is a woman with a Roman bra. I’m not certain that these are laurel wreaths they are wearing, however. My understanding is that laurel wreaths were given to winners of competitions, such as sports events or music and poetry performances. They were also awarded to generals after military victories. They were not worn daily, however. If these are, in fact, laurel wreaths on the frescos in a brothel in Pompeii, maybe they signify something else. Maybe the male “conquering” the prostitute. These are not, nevertheless, the typical Roman laurel wreaths associated with competitions or military success. These could be merely the wreaths popular among Greeks during celebrations and sometimes associated with Bacchus (Dionysus) and bacchanalias. (See the painting of Bacchus by Caravaggio below or the scene of John Belushi from “Animal House” above.)

Here is an excellent video that carefully reviews and reevaluates the ancient literary sources that mentions Varus and his disastrous defeat at the Battle of the Teutoburg Forest in AD 9.

Here’s another article on the find: https://arkeonews.net/in-the-ancient-city-of-syedra-a-unique-mosaic-with-the-12-labors-of-heracles-depicted-on-a-single-panel-found/

Turkey continues to be the source of beautiful discoveries. This mosaic was found in a Roman bath complex in southern Turkey, in the ancient city of Syedra. It is thought to be from the 2nd century AD and spreads over an area of 164 square meters (1765 square feet). The mosaic depicts the Greek mythological hero Heracles (or Hercules in Roman mythology). https://www.dailysabah.com/life/history/164-square-meter-heracles-mosaic-found-in-turkeys-alanya

Here’s a good article on ancient Greeks’ and Romans’ drinking: https://antigonejournal.com/2022/07/ancient-drinking/

Here is an excellent video and two related articles on the evolution of the Roman helmet: http://www.imperium-romana.org/roman-helmets.html https://www.thecollector.com/ancient-roman-helmets-types-and-characteristics/amp/

A wonderful coin of Antoninus Pius was found on Carmel Beach in Haifa, Israel. A well-preserved bronze coin depicting the Roman moon goddess Luna has been found off the coast of Carmel in Haifa, the Israel Antiquities Authority said on Monday. The coin was struck at Alexandria, Egypt, during the reign of Emperor Antoninus Pius (138-161 CE). The reverse depicts Luna over a representation of the zodiacal sign Cancer. The coin carries the date ‘Year eight,’ which corresponds to the eighth year of Antoninus Pius’ reign, approximately 144/145 CE. https://m.jpost.com/archaeology/article-713002 https://arkeonews.net/a-spectacular-rare-ancient-roman-bronze-coin-depicting-the-moon-goddess-was-discovered-off-the-coast-of-israel/

Probably better: British beer, made from the finest grains. True British beer for true Brits.

Here is a hilarious compilation of the Newsreader from the HBO series “Rome.” This was brought to you, of course, by the Capitoline Brotherhood of Millers that uses only the finest flour. True Roman bread for true Romans.

Here is a wonderful article about new insights on a Batavian cavalry mask discovered four years ago: https://arkeonews.net/a-batavian-cavalry-mask-was-found-on-the-battlefield-of-roman-comrades/ Here is a post about another Roman cavalry mask discovered in Turkey: Here is an excellent video about Roman cavalry masks:

On the left, fragments of paintings and marble; in the center, a votive plaque dedicated to the goddess Isis; on the right, a close-up of a piece of marble. New evidence points to an overwhelming tsunami during the third century AD that destroyed the Roman city of Seville that was 25 miles (40 km) inland at the time. The impact and destruction of the tsunami could explain the region’s being made tax exempt soon after: https://english.elpais.com/culture/2022-07-22/a-massive-tsunami-destroyed-the-spanish-city-of-seville-in-the-3rd-century-new-study-finds.html https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-981-19-1979-4_12

Here is a fantastic video on Roman military clothing:

A Caledonian metal-working site with as many as 40 iron smelting kilns has been discovered in northeastern Scotland. The site was suddenly abandoned with surrounding structures being burned. This sudden abandonment may have been the result of the Roman victory at Mons Grapius In AD 83. https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cw41ll3dw12o

Carausius, AV aureus. London mint, 286-287, 4.20 g. IMP CARAVSIVS P F AVG, laureate, draped, cuirassed bust right. PAX CARAVSI AVG, Pax standing left, holding olive-branch and vertical sceptre. Here is an interesting book about Carausius, the Roman usurper of Britannia (AD 286-293) by the prolific writer Simon Elliott. https://www.kentonline.co.uk/kent/news/the-forgotten-man-who-shaped-british-history-270480/ Here is nice background information on Carausius: http://www.kenelks.co.uk/coins/carausius/carausius.htm A wonderful video on Carausius by the excellent numismatist and historian Guy de la Bédoyère.

Archaeologists uncovered the remains of dozens of soldiers who fought in the Battle of Himera. Evidence for mass burials of war dead is extremely rare in the ancient Greek world. (Courtesy Soprintendenza Archeologica di Palermo) Most of us have little understanding of the Sicilian Wars: the series of wars between Greece and Carthage from 480 BCE to 306 BCE. Below is an excellent video on the first of these wars. Here’s some background information: Here is some background information on the First Battle of Himera during the First Sicilian War: Buried near the soldiers were the remains of 18 horses that likely died during the battle, including this one that still has a bronze ring from its harness in its mouth. (Pasquale Sorrentino) https://archive.archaeology.org/1101/features/himera.html http://bloodandspectacles.blogspot.com/2019/12/men-of-bronze-greeks-vs-carthage.html?m=1

A newly discovered Roman city in the northeast region of Aragon, Spain has been published. A black and white mosaic found at the site in 2021. It features two cupids riding seahorses and is decorated with shell and scallop designs. https://arkeonews.net/archaeologists-have-found-a-previously-unknown-roman-city-with-buildings-of-monumental-proportions-in-spains-aragon-region/

Here is an excellent video on some of the best preserved Roman temples:

The finding of this Van Gogh self-portrait under another Van Gogh painting is a great discovery. https://www.livescience.com/x-ray-reveals-van-gogh-portrait The finding of an artwork underneath another later work is reminiscent of the ancient documents found underneath a more modern work. An example is the Archimedes Palimpsest https://hmml.org/research/palimpsest/