P.Clodius

Sure, I don't doubt the importance of 23 as a major event. It's just that by this point there is no divided government in any real sense. If bills can't be proposed in the senate and voted by the people with the possibility of tribunician veto, the state isn't the old republic. I agree, but I would take this event as the final end. It would be interesting to determine the last exercise of a veto by a tribune though. We don't hear much about tribunes after Antonius and Curio fled the city, or the two Caesar had arrested prior/after the Lupercalia.

Seems to me that the popular election of the tribune with the right of veto is a defining element of the republican system, the one that distinguished the "Royal Rule of Sulla" and all the other dictators from the normal system. Who was the last popularly elected tribune with full tribunician powers? That's a good question and worth looking into..But what I meant above was the acquisition of Imperium Maius was the crowing cherry. Tribunicia Potestas was a valuable and powerful element of the early prinicipate, but outside of Rome what did it mean? Very little me thinks. 27BC Augustus acquires powers of a tribune along with command of all the army except for Africa (Tunisia). 23BC he get Imperium Maius, Imperium meaning the right to rule and Maius meaning greater than. In other words, he outranks EVERY other consul, ex-consul, proconsul, praetor, and propraetor. An accumilation of legal powers that was the final nail in the coffin of the republic.

Why not Actium? What's your reasoning? When all the powers associated with the principate of Augustus and his succesor Tiberius were accumilated. I think the most significant grant of 23BC was Imperium Maius .

End of the Republic was the 2nd Settlement of 23BC

Why not go all the way to the Second Settlment, 23BC?

Missed that, yes, two very important consuls who defeated Hasdrubal at the Metaurus River, a battle listed as one of the key battles of history. Fifteen Decisive Battles

That's a nice list. Perhaps a brief line or two about each one would be nice too. I could help if you wish! Edit, I'd include Balbus too, he was the first foreign born consul, an event significant in of itself