Gaius Octavius

Me too.... Pay attention! WW 'corrected' me about my not capitalizing the 'w' and 't' as in washington times. When I don't capitalize a 'proper noun', it is an expression of my contempt for the person, place or thing. When I mis-spell these same, it is also an expression of my contempt. Now WW 'caught' me on two; I pointed out the rest. Get it now? Or do you need to be bottle fed? I also pointed out that I only point out my friends blunders. At last, I told WW that the Season and my well known clemency prevented me from informing him that he did a less than 1/2 a_s job, and that if he ever blunders I will be on him like stink on :horse: Note that I capitalized 'Moonlapse'. Edit: After 'contempt' add 'mocking' and 'kidding'.

:notworthy: Must keep this from my :wub: . Maybe you, the other :notworthy: and :wub: have a cunning plan to do away with me! Anyhow, what do you know about vitamins K2 and E taken seperately and together?

:wub: Of course you wouldn't! But you would edit it after you were flagged! I wouldn't expect less from a person without an A/C living in ga-ga land. Next time I'll quote you to keep you honest. :whip: :sneaky2:

No, to the best of my knowledge, it is not a virus. That is not my style. Nonetheless, I am deleting it now.

I have no idea, but maybe this will help: URL deleted.

Regardless of their re-building their fleet after Lepanto, didn't the battle put an end to Turkish predations at sea?

Ah, don

:wub: As usual, you are 'right' but not correct. The air masses travel from kali4kneeya and our very good friend and ally, Canadia, over the belly of America, i.e. the provinces and the out-lying districts, dropping tons of snow and detritus on such wastes of space as why?oming and oh!hiyo. If you had A/C, as we do here in the Heart of America, its first political capital and now the Capital of the World for all things worthwhile, your alleged brain wouldn't have gone frashita! I.e., :horse: for brains! The proof for the above: "Pertimax"! Who's that?

Maybe this will help: http://www.etropicals.com/product/prod_Dis...amp;pCatId=1289

... and victory goes to the general who knows his enemy and prepares best.

Does the term 'Eastern Warfare' include such as that practised by Scythians, Indians, Chinese, Mongolians, Vietnamese, Japanese and Arabs?

RW: Because something is written in a book doesn't make it so. Let's get to the object here. What is the name of the religion that Christ initiated? Is this 'true' religion extant today? Can I join it?

You consider me a socialist? http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Libertarianism Yes, the snow made me extremely happy because it gave me an automatic Christmas vacation. Aha! So, Moonlapse is a libertarian! I was wondering where he got his name from. Doesn't the wrong holey reverendo som mung moon run that operation along with the washington times?

Didn't the sultan die when he left the field? Hadn't he intended to come back (had he lived)?

The ink. If the Vikings could get Hudson's Bay and the St. Lawrence in, why not Minnesota? After all, Runes have been uncovered there There is only one problem with the efforts to disdain, denigrate and discredit Columbus; neither the Vikings nor St. Brendan ever told anyone about Vinland - until now. "Vinish"? Twaddlers! Adm. Morrison's treatise on Columbus might be of interest. Siberians to Alaska! What about the Indians of the Americas?

Walls were not an impediment to the Romans. Brute force via ladders and ramps; sappers, onagers, stealth. Think of Masada and Alesia. The Corona Muralis. Cavalry charges do not perforce result in victory. A Roman square or circle could handle such an occurrence. If a line were charged, the cavalry could easily be out flanked. Cavalry was mostly used for flanking purposes against infantry. Hadrian's Wall and the Danube Wall were primarily for population control and customs duties. There were at least three Roman forts beyond Hadrian's Wall for defensive purposes. The Romans had arrows and slingers. An arrow will easily pass through medieval armor. But, then there was Crassus. The 'Parthian' shot. Nonetheless, in my opinion, the general who prepared best before the battle would win. Edit: To the purposes for cavalry add scouting, guarding foragers and following up after a victory.

The perforations could have been made by urchins to get at the animal and later enlarged by humans. You can see these holes on periwinkles at the sea shore. However, if you have ever eaten snails (presuming that is what the shells are from), you will have used a single tine like tool to get at the animal through its opening and not drill a hole through the shell. Much, much easier.

My Lord Pantagathus :notworthy: has a more interesting and important progenitor than he has let on. These days I always manage to incidentally drop the fact when I am 'mongst my compeers and bragging about my friends. Poor :mummy: ! Anyone have "S.P.C." after an ancestor's name? For me, I am the Count of Piedmonte d' Alief. My grandfather told us that the peasants used to kiss his father's left elbow - that is until the day they came after him with a rope and some other nasty things. Figured it was time to head off to the States.

:wub: Must I explain you to everything? Lyle Talbot played by Lon Chaney, Jr. who played the Wolfman in "The Wolfman". At the Full of the Moon, he grows hair and becomes a wolf and tears asunder sundry folks who wander in the forest at night. He has the Sign of the Pentagram on his corpus. Maria Uspenskaya looks after him. If you had read my blog about my being rendered to Wild Moldavia, you wouldn't be clueless!

:wub: Perfect Patented Pertimaxus! Can't you beings in fairyland get anything correct? You, in particular, are 'right' but hardly ever correct. The definition of 'tradition' in kali4kneeya: If you did it this morning....

:notworthy:

My Lord of the Brigantines: :notworthy: I wish that I knew where Brigantia wastes valuable space. That is a Roman fort; the place where His Greekness :notworthy: is going to strangle :mummy: . Now, slip my cheque into the post!

From:"The Making of the Roman Army - From Republic to Empire"; Lawrence Keppie, Barnes & Noble Books, 1994, pp. 14-16. "Rome naturally had an army from its earliest days as a village on the Tiber bank. At first it consisted of the king, his body guards and retainers, and members of clan-groups living in the city and its meagre territory. The army included both infantry and cavalry. Archaeological finds from Rome and the vicinity would suggest circular or oval shields, leather corselets with metal pectorals protecting the heart and chest, and conical bronze helmets. It must, however, be emphasized at the outset that we have very little solid evidence for the organization of the early Roman Army. "The wars between Rome and her neighbors were little more than scuffles between armed raiding bands of a few hundred men at most. It is salutary to recall that Fidenae (Fidene), against which the Romans were fighting in 499, lies now within the motorway circuit round modern Rome, and is all but swallowed up in its northern suburbs. Veii, the Etruscan city that was Rome's chief rival for supremacy in the Tiber plain, is a mere 10 miles to the north-west (fig. 1). "In appearance Rome's army can have differed little from those of the other small towns of Latium, the flat land south of the Tiber mouth. All were influenced in their equipment, and in military tactics, by their powerful northern neighbors, the Etruscans, whose loose confederation of Twelve Cities was the dominant power-grouping in central Italy in the middle of the first millennium BC (sic). Roman antiquarian authors have preserved a few details about the institutions of the early Roman army, and it is just perhaps possible to establish some sequence of development. It was believed that the first military structure was based on the three 'tribes' of the regal period - the Ramnes, the Tities and the Luceres - all Etruscan names and so a product of the period of strong Etruscan influence. Each tribe provided 1000 men towards the army, under the command of a tribunus (lit. tribal officer). The subdivisions of each tribe supplied 100 men (a century) towards this total. The resulting force - some 3000 men in all - was known as the legio, the levy (or the 'levying'). The nobility and their sons made up a small body of cavalry, about 300 men, drawn in equal proportion from the three tribes. These were the equites, the knights; all men who had sufficient means to equip themselves for service as cavalry belonged to the Ordo Equester, the mounted contingent (usually known now as the Equestrian Order)." This following commences during, but goes beyond the period being discussed, yet may be instructive. SERVIUS TULLIUS AND THE FIVE CLASSES "For the student of the early Roman army, it might seem that a fixed point exists in the reign of the sixth king of Rome, Servius Tullius, about 580-530. Servius is credited with establishing many of the early institutions of the Roman state. In particular, he is said to have conducted the first census of he Roman people, and to have divided the population into 'classes', according to their wealth (see fig 2). This Servian 'constitution' had a double purpose, political and military. In the first place, it organized the populace into centuries (hundreds) for voting purposes in the Assembly. The groupings were linked to the financial status of the individual, and his corresponding ability to provide his own arms and equipment for military service. Thus the resources of the state were harnessed to the needs of its defense. The equites, the richest section of the community, were formed into 18 centuries. Below them came the bulk of the population, who served as infantry, divided into five 'classes'. Members of the 'first class' were to be armed with a bronze cuirass, spear, sword, shield and greaves to protect the legs; the 'second class', with much the same panoply minus the cuirass; the 'third', the same but lacking the greaves; the 'fourth' had spear and shield only, and the 'fifth' was armed with slings or stones. In each class those men who were over 46 (the senores) were assigned to defend the city against possible attack, while the remainder (the iuniories) formed the field army. Below the five classes was a group called the capite censi, i.e. men 'registered by head count', with no property to their name, who were thereby disqualified for military service.(1)" Note #1. Livy i.43; Dionysius of Halicarnassus iv.16 _______________ I have a few quibbles. In paragraph 3, sentence 5 above, the book says: "It was believed...." Does that mean that their is a new belief or that earlier writers believed so; or that the author will provide the latest belief. In the very last paragraph "...harnessed to the needs of its defense." Not to offence? Those men aged 46 or more were left to defend the city. I feel that there must have been some limit as to their number. ---------------------- I put the last paragraph in because one might extrapolate backwards to earlier times. Was there no Senate and senators during this period?

Afganicus, in appreciation of the Forum's contribution to the furtherance of education has appointed his agent to deliver to all y'all this message: http://pol.moveon.org/cards/pickup.html?i=...QM6LDNO6invSa8Q

:wub: "... screw NYC...." Oh, dear, another blunder! Gaius' well known clemency will let it pass in keeping with the season. Does 'Martini & Rossi Dry Vermouth' mean anything to you? If one is going to guzzle booze, it is swallowed straight - the manly way - and not as some sissy solution that is watered down, sugared up and fizzed out; concocted by a freaky, flakey, flim-flam flumster posing as a bartender with ear rings and nose rings and wearing a G-string with the brain of a gnat. You might have the common courtesy to at least put together a batch of Perfect Patented Pertimaxii. :notworthy: :fish: