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    Roman Road Construction

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    Roman Road Construction

     

    Standard Roman roads consisted of a metalled surface (ie gravel or pebbles) on a solid foundation of earth or stone. A simple yet technologically advanced plan was in place and implemented for the construction of each road. Where possible, roads were built in the straightest line possible, only avoiding major terrain obstacles where it made practical sense. A Roman road was a multi-layered architectural achievement, but the construction process was fairly simple to define.

     

     

    Guest

    Marius Reforms the Legions

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    Marius Reforms the Legions
     
    With his election as Consul in 107 BC, and his subsequent appointment as commander of the Roman legions in Numidia, Marius faced a difficult challenge. Invasions of Germanic Cimbri and Teuton tribes into southern Gaul had forced large Roman armies to counter them. Thoroughly defeated in every engagement, Rome faced a manpower crisis similar to those faced during Hannibal?s offensive in the Second Punic War. Prior to Marius, Rome recruited its main legionary force from the landowning citizen classes, men who could equip themselves and who supposedly had the most to lose in the case of Roman defeat.
     
    Guest

    Rise of Marius

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    Fighting through political and social burdens placed on him, the Rise of Marius was as much a result of his own ambition as a direct indication of the social and political condition in Rome. First elected Consul in 107 BC, Marius would serve an unprecedented 7 terms in the Republic's highest office.
    Guest

    Roman Roads

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    Among other things, the development of Roman Roads was one of the key factors for the growth and domination of the Roman Empire.
     
    The engineers of ancient Rome built an unparalleled network of roads in the ancient world. Nearly 47,000 square miles (76,000 sq. km) of roads spanned the Roman Empire, spreading its legions, culture and immense influence throughout the known world. The old saying ?all roads lead to Rome?, simply couldn?t have been truer...
    Guest

    Gaius Marius

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    As Rome moved into its Late Roman Republic period, another man would have a profound effect. Gaius Marius was a general and politician who changed the fabric of the Roman political system, while going down as one of the great generals in Roman History.
    Guest

    Roman Clothing

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    As a continuation of the Roman Daily Life section, today's update is a chapter on Ancient Roman Clothing. Roman clothing, including the toga, performed an additional function beyond the obvious. Roman clothes were worn specifically according to social class or title, and there were many limitations on who could wear what garment, where and when.
    Guest

    Roman Weights and Measures

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    Many units of Roman Weights and Measures in the modern western world (UK and USA), have a direct relationship dating back to the Romans. The modern mile, pound (lb for libra) and ounce (uncia) are all directly traceable. Some other similarities, such as the width of rail road rails, is said to correspond directly to groove marks left in Roman roads, but this theory is widely debated.
     
     
    Guest

    Julian Calendar

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    When Julius Caesar consolidated Roman power in the mid 1st century BC, he had an opportunity to correct the long neglected Roman Calendar. Consulting Egyptian astronomers, Caesar altered the Republican calendar by basing it on a solar, rather than lunar, cycle. Adding 10 days to the permanent calendar and a couple of months at the end of 46 BC, the new Julian Calendar was back in sync with the seasons. Additionally a calendar chart is also available Julian Calendar Overview.
    Guest

    Roman Houses

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    A feature on Roman Houses has been added to our Architecture section. "The private houses of the Romans were relatively modest and simple building prior to the conquest of the East, when vast wealth began to pour into the city. Many houses of immense size were then erected, adorned with columns, paintings, statues, and costly works of art. Some of these houses are said to have cost as much as two million denarii..."
     
    Guest

    Roman Months

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    As part of the Roman Calendar section, we've added a chart describing the Roman Months of the year. In the 2 to 3 millenia since the foundation of the Roman Calendar little has changed in our modern system. Aside from the renaming of July and Augustus, the modern western months are the same today as when the calendar first began.
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